Evidence by outcome

joint healthgrade Bmoderate certainty— modest pain relief in knee osteoarthritis, comparable to NSAIDs in small trials

inflammationgrade Clow certainty— small anti-inflammatory signal; bioavailability is a major limitation

joint healthgrade Clow certainty— modest, short-term pain relief in osteoarthritis in small studies

moodgrade Clow certainty— curcumin may reduce depressive symptoms as an adjunct; bioavailability-limited

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Turmeric