{"claimId":"clm_ec_b6-mel-cognition","version":1,"status":"current","verdict":"Melatonin for cognition: Grade B at moderate certainty. Meta-analysis of RCTs in older adults with cognitive impairment: melatonin produced a modest improvement in cognition (MMSE +1.8 points) and total sleep time (+12.4 minutes), with a small reduction in neuropsychiatric symptoms. The authors conclude effects approach — but fall short of — definitive clinical efficacy, with substantial heterogeneity between trials.","direction":"benefit","magnitude":{"metric":"other","value":null,"unit":"","ci95":null,"humanReadable":"Meta-analysis of RCTs in older adults with cognitive impairment: melatonin produced a modest improvement in cognition (MMSE +1.8 points) and total sleep time (+12.4 minutes), with a small reduction in neuropsychiatric symptoms. The authors conclude effects approach — but fall short of — definitive clinical efficacy, with substantial heterogeneity between trials.","baselineAbsoluteRisk":null},"certainty":"moderate","clinicalMeaning":"small_but_potentially_useful","applicability":{"appliesTo":["older adults with cognitive impairment"],"doesNotApply":["children"],"unknown":["pregnancy"]},"safetyQualifiers":["uncertain_with_ssri"],"evidenceBundleId":"eb_ec_b6-mel-cognition","citations":[{"pmid":"41240058","design":"peer-reviewed"}],"reviewedBy":{"name":"Substrate editorial","credential":"Independent research collective"},"reviewedAt":"2026-07-16T16:23:33.765Z","dateModified":"2026-07-16T16:23:33.765Z","methodologyVersion":"v1","methodologyDoi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21364236","canonicalUrl":"https://evidencebased.info/interventions/melatonin/cognition","attribution":"Substrate (evidencebased.info), claim clm_ec_b6-mel-cognition v1, reviewed 2026-07-16","license":"CC-BY-4.0 — attribution with link required"}