{"claimId":"clm_ec_b5-vitd-cognition","version":1,"status":"current","verdict":"Vitamin D for cognition: Grade C at low certainty. Systematic review and meta-analysis: lower vitamin D levels are associated with poorer cognition and higher dementia risk. The association is mostly observational; supplementation trials have not established that raising vitamin D improves cognition.","direction":"benefit","magnitude":{"metric":"other","value":null,"unit":"","ci95":null,"humanReadable":"Systematic review and meta-analysis: lower vitamin D levels are associated with poorer cognition and higher dementia risk. The association is mostly observational; supplementation trials have not established that raising vitamin D improves cognition.","baselineAbsoluteRisk":null},"certainty":"low","clinicalMeaning":"small_but_potentially_useful","applicability":{"appliesTo":["older adults"],"doesNotApply":["children"],"unknown":["pregnancy"]},"safetyQualifiers":[],"evidenceBundleId":"eb_ec_b5-vitd-cognition","citations":[{"pmid":"23008220","design":"peer-reviewed"}],"reviewedBy":{"name":"Substrate editorial","credential":"Independent research collective"},"reviewedAt":"2026-07-16T15:24:55.638Z","dateModified":"2026-07-16T15:24:55.638Z","methodologyVersion":"v1","methodologyDoi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21364236","canonicalUrl":"https://evidencebased.info/interventions/vitamin-d/cognition","attribution":"Substrate (evidencebased.info), claim clm_ec_b5-vitd-cognition v1, reviewed 2026-07-16","license":"CC-BY-4.0 — attribution with link required"}