{"claimId":"clm_ec_b4-probiotics-immunity","grade":"B","version":0,"status":"current","verdict":"Probiotics for immune function: Grade B at moderate certainty. Cochrane systematic review of RCTs: probiotics reduced the number of people experiencing acute upper respiratory tract infections and shortened illness duration versus placebo, though the evidence was of low-to-moderate quality and heterogeneous.","direction":"benefit","magnitude":{"metric":"other","value":null,"unit":"","ci95":null,"humanReadable":"Cochrane systematic review of RCTs: probiotics reduced the number of people experiencing acute upper respiratory tract infections and shortened illness duration versus placebo, though the evidence was of low-to-moderate quality and heterogeneous.","baselineAbsoluteRisk":null},"certainty":"moderate","clinicalMeaning":"small_but_potentially_useful","applicability":{"appliesTo":["adults and children"],"doesNotApply":[],"unknown":[]},"safetyQualifiers":[],"evidenceBundleId":"eb_ec_b4-probiotics-immunity","citations":[{"pmid":"36001877","design":"peer-reviewed"}],"reviewedBy":null,"reviewedAt":"2026-07-16T15:19:19.697Z","dateModified":"2026-07-16T15:19:19.697Z","methodologyVersion":"v1","methodologyDoi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21364236","canonicalUrl":"https://evidencebased.info/interventions/probiotics/immunity","attribution":"Substrate (evidencebased.info), claim clm_ec_b4-probiotics-immunity v0, reviewed 2026-07-16","license":"CC-BY-4.0 proposed; reuse license pending governance ratification","governanceMode":"legacy","governanceStatus":"legacy-unverified","dataSource":"live"}